Living Alone free essay sample

Alone Could you imagine coming home to a strange person crashing on your couch? I can only imagine how disgruntling that would be. This and other scenarios alike are not acceptable in a place you pay for. That scenario can be avoided in one simple step: Living alone. Although living with other people has its advantages, living alone can be freeing, save a lot of money, and be an a lot safer place There are also many reasons living with roommates or family can be positive. You can be less vulnerable to threats. It can save money if its split two or three ways. Also, being very lonely isn’t even a possibility. You could definitely throw a lot of parties with more people your roommate will invite. You can always have someone who has your back physically and emotionally. There are many ways roommates or family is positive for money. We will write a custom essay sample on Living Alone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although there roommates and family around is good but living alone is a better alternative. Freeing you ask? You can walk around with clothes optional! How much more free can it get. You can throw parties 7 days a week if you choose. Money can be spent on whatever and however much within budget. Interior design is only decided by you. The sense of freedom after paying bills you worked hard to pay off. Also you can bring home anyone without someone else there to bother you. Living alone is definitely more free than having more people around All of the money saved can be spent on things for you to live in lust. After all a two bedroom apartment is a lot more expensive than a one bedroom apartment. Groceries are a lot cheaper if you only buy for one person. No one can tell you what to purchase so shopping frugally is an option. You can live an extremely expensive lifestyle or cheap lifestyle without anyone in your ear. Everything you can do to save can be done. Utilities are cheaper when used by only 1 person. All in all living alone is a better way to save money opposed to other options. What is going to happen if the person you live with gets violent. You can’t know what is coming next and it could be fatal. Everyone has heard of roommates or spouses killing the people they live with out of rage. All can be avoided by living alone. There are less risks of getting hurt by another person’s belongings. If you know where everything is in your house there is less chance protective equipment can hurt you. Safety is important and can be hindered with people living in your home. It is a by far safer alternative to live alone. After all reasons presented I think anyone should want to live alone. It is the best option against living alone. The reasons to live alone outweigh the reasons for living with people. It is better than the setbacks roommates can cause. Although living with other people has its advantages, Living alone is freeing, saves money and is safer than having other people live with you.

Coursework on Psychology

Coursework on Psychology Coursework on Psychology: The problem with facilitated communication is the inability for an observer to know conclusively that the words and sentences of a non-verbal autistic individual are from the individual or the person assisting the autistic individual. Most videos of facilitated communication show the facilitator taking a very active role in spelling and forming the sentences without any cooperation from the autistic individual. The operational definition of this study is the manipulation free facilitated communication with self supported arm rests and verbal acknowledgement of letters pressed. To eliminate this potential influence required two components add to the facilitated communication devices. First was to develop an arm rest that the autistic individual would place either arm on that will stop the flowing movement of the hand. The autistic individual had more control of their hand and arm. The individual moved their hand over the entire arm rest to hit any key that they desire to press while still supporting their arm. The facilitator was not able to touch the autistic individual’s hands or arms. In addition, the facilitator was only able to say the letter or sound of the letter when pressed by the autistic individual. If the individual was trying to say ‘good morning’ each letter of the word would be spoken individually. The autistic individual was found to be unable to answer the questions on his own or to communicate his needs without the facilitator choosing his letters and words for him. He was not able to answer questions, nor initiate any legitimate communication via the device. When asked simple questions regarding favorite foods or items, the autistic individual was unable to answer or hit the letters suggested. The only manner in which he could answer the questions was when the facilitator manipulated his arm and hand.

Compare & Contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare & Contrast - Essay Example One of the primary reasons why individuals choose the raw food diet is because they believe that heating food above 116 degrees Fahrenheit would destroy the enzymes within the food which assist in the digestion and absorption of food. Cooking is also thought to reduce the nutritional value and â€Å"life force† of food. However, critics of the raw food diet say that it doesn’t matter if some enzymes get inactivated when food is cooked because the human body uses its own enzymes for digestion. In addition, cooking makes certain phyto-chemicals, like beta-carotene in carrots, easier to absorb (Wong 2). The vegans on the other hand believe in a philosophy and lifestyle that seeks to exclude the use of animals for food, clothing, or any other purpose. People tend to pursue the vegan lifestyle primarily because of ethical commitments or moral convictions regarding animal rights, environment, human health, and spiritual or religious concerns. Hence vegans are strictly opposed to practices that involve factory farming, animal testing, and the intensive use of land and other resources for animal farming. The raw food diet is low in trans fats and saturated fats and high in potassium, magnesium, folate, fiber and health-promoting plant chemicals called phyto-chemicals. These properties are associated with a reduced risk of diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Proponents of this diet also believe that this diet offers numerous health benefits like increased energy, improved skin appearance, better digestion and weight loss. Similar to the raw food diet, a nutritionally sound vegan diet is free of cholesterol and is generally low in fat. On the other hand, this diet is rich in proteins, calcium, zinc and iron. Therefore, eating a vegan diet makes it easy to conform to recommendations given to reduce the risk of major chronic diseases such as colon cancer, heart attack, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, prostate cancer, and

Disneyland Hong Kong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Disneyland Hong Kong - Essay Example It helps the company to enrich its corporate values. Greater socialization allows the company to evaluate the cultural and traditional aspects and social preferences of a country, which helps the organization to innovate new services that would best suit the taste of the target consumers (Flamholtz and Randle, 2011). Disney on international forum The paper takes a look into the process in which the company has handled the cultural differences experienced by Disney in its course of expansion into the oriental world. Disney is an iconic symbol of entertainment amalgamating the western and the eastern culture through a highly innovative and customer oriented business strategy. The American cultural experience has been recreated in the Asian countries, and has become a controversial as well as hugely profitable model in Japan and Hong Kong. Although the company had not faced great success on opening the first theme park in Europe, in 1992, in the capital city of France, by 2003, Disneyla nd Paris had gained enough attention and has become a thriving business joint for the company (Aaker and Mcloughlin, 2010; Porter and Prince, 2007). More recently, The Walt Disney Company is taking an initiative to open a new theme park in India. The features of the Indian market are diverse which calls for a detailed study on the successes and hardships faced by the company in its previous ventures. Company background The Disneyland Park is a theme park originally based in America and embodying and representing the American culture. The company had made a humble beginning in 1923 with the Disney brothers, Walter Elias Disney and Roy Disney, starting the... It is present in different countries and is rated as one of the best elements in the global entertainment industry. Since 1955, The Walt Disney Company has set up different theme parks in the USA, France and in the Asian countries. All through these years the company has faced various hurdles and has achieved success by way of adjusting with the existing cultural background of the host countries and has made numerous adaptations in its own corporate culture. Disney has the potential to deliver such experiences that can go far ahead of the pleasure of watching cartoons. It aims at providing its visitors with an experience that is free from the hassle of the world outside the Disneyland. The company can make it possible due to its immense brand power and unmatched flexibility in the model of corporate culture that it follows. The parks have created a consumption culture that celebrates the middle-class virtues. This would help the park to find a booming market in the Indian sub-continent. Since India is a developing country, this process of business development would be beneficial for its expansion in India. Besides, India is a country with diverse geographical backgrounds, traditions and religions. Disney utilizes various strategies to make promotions of its services aiming the target groups and to design the theme of the localized theme parks in this country. A significant dissimilarity can be found between the cultures in the East and t he West. This is the root cause behind the diversity is the mentality of the tourists visiting the theme parks. Besides, the cultural elements present in these parks are different which might affect the response of the customers.

Sociology of Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Sociology of Education - Essay Example The paper tells that functionalism theory is structuralist in nature and though its influence has waned over the past decades, it still makes important contributions in education system and society. Functionalism holds that the main objective of education is maintenance of â€Å"social order in society†. To ensure maintenance of social order in the society, the theory emphasizes on indoctrinating new generations with norms and values contained in education curriculum. In United Kingdom, the sociological importance of functionalism has declined, but in education institutions, the theory continues playing a significant role in defining and shaping the guiding policies. According to Chris and Tony, the underlying ideologies of functionalism, which include competition, consensus and achievement through merit, define education in addition to politics in the United Kingdom. According to Hill and Cole, broad groups of people and their behaviour is the major focus of functionalism. In respect to the role of education in society, the theory focuses on several major aspects, namely institutional relationships and functional linkage with society and merit based systems. In relation to institutional relationships, functional theory emphasises on the role of education in linking other social institutions such as family with occupational engagements. In contemporary society, Cole argues education plays an important role in linking the basic unit of society with the workplaces through various mechanisms. For instance, education institutions develop the capacities of human resources through training. By setting various criteria for training of these professionals, education institutions ensure that the society has a balanced pool of human resources to meet its needs (David and Barry 1985). At personal or individual levels, functionalism theory holds that education acts as an agent of secondary socialisation (Gillborn, and Mirza, 2000). By expanding or broadening individ ual experience through education, a child is prepared to take over the role of an adult in workplaces and society (Arum, and Beattie, 2000, p72). Meritocracy, in functionalist perspective plays a major role in ensuring that education performs its role in socialisation and promoting institutional linkage. According to, David and Barry (1985, p53), meritocracy refers to a system that â€Å"offers rewards to an individual based on ability and effort†. Examples of rewards in the current society include job opportunities, high remuneration and elevated social status. Therefore, functionalists hold that rewards in society should be awarded to individuals who demonstrate high ability or effort rather than on grounds of nepotism, status of an individual or family background. In education, meritocracy has created competition in different levels of education because of various rewards offered on attaining a particular level. In United Kingdom, education qualifications at various levels such as GCSE and A levels determine the career that an individual can pursue or qualification for admission in available institutions of higher learning (Cole, 2009, p269). In

Structure And Function Of Skin Health And Social Care Essay

Structure And Function Of Skin Health And Social Care Essay Marty is a 2-year-old toddler brought into the Emergency Department by his distraught 16 year old single mother, Mandy. Mandy had been heating some chicken soup in the microwave in their council flat in Whitechapel, when her friend Tracey had rung Mandys mobile. Mandy left the boiling soup on the kitchen table leaving Marty alone in the kitchen. Mandy, hearing Martys scream, rushed back into the kitchen to find that Marty must have reached up and tipped the soup over himself mainly over his chest and torso. Mandy immediately removed Martys clothes, and wrapped him in a damp towel, and called for an ambulance. When Marty reaches the Royal London Accident and Emergency he is in considerable pain and is given an analgesic and started on intravenous fluids. Marty is assessed and found to have second-degree partial thickness burns over both of his upper arms and lower abdomen and second degree deep partial thickness burns on his upper chest. At the periphery of these second degree burns are first-degree burns with large blisters developing some of which have burst. In total approximately 30% of Martys BSA is affected. Mandy is distraught and wants to know if Marty will be scarred for life. Learning Objectives: The normal structure and function of skin Normal wound healing Burns Classification Treatments Stem cells Prognosis Social/Ethical/Legal issues Child abuse Normal structure and function of the skin Normal structure of skin The structure of the skin is divided into three layers, the epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis. (Bardia Amirlak, 2011) (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011)http://www.discovercosmeticsurgery.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/skin-structure.jpg Source: (Discover Cosmetic Surgery, 2010) Epidermis Source: (Structure of the Skin)The epidermis is the uppermost layer of the skin and is avascular. It obtains its nutrients and oxygen from the underlying dermis through diffusion. The epidermis is subdivided into 5 layers the stratum basale which consists of basal (stem) cells and melanocytes, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum and the stratum corneum. It is made up of stratified squamous epithelial cells. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) (Bardia Amirlak, 2011)http://encyclopedia.lubopitko-bg.com/images/epidermal%20layer.jpg Skin cells are being reproduced constantly to replace dead cells (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011). The process is as follows: Each basal cell in the stratum basale Mitosis A cell that moves upwards to form part of the stratum spinosum. Basal (Stem) cell. This remains in the stratum basale. The basal cells found in the stratum basale divide repeatedly to produce a stem cell and another cell which matures and moves upwards towards the surface of the skin. They also become drier because they are moving away from the dermis which is the cells source of fluid. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) The stratum corneum cells are shed on a daily basis and new cells reproduced by the process below replace them. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) When the keratinocytes enter the stratum lucidum, they die due to apoptosis and the nucleus disappears. They form a layer of cells which is only observed in thick skin, for example, the palms of the hands. It is absent in thinner skin, for example, around the eyes. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) By the time the original cell enters the stratum corneum, it is a dead, dry, flat packet of keratin which contain no nucleus. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Source: (Dreamstime) Dendritic cells are found in the stratum spinosum which form an important part of the immune system. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Cells mature as they move towards the surface of the skin. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) In the stratum spinosum, the cell amasses lots of keratin which is a tough, fibrous protein to become keratinocytes. They also become drier and flatter as they mature and move upwards to form part of the stratum granulosum. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) The flat keratinocytes filled with protein granules form part of the stratum granulosum. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Cells divide by mitosis. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Melanocytes are also found within the stratum basale which produce melanin and this is responsible for a persons skin colour. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011)http://www.dreamstime.com/anatomy-of-the-epidermis-of-the-skin-non-labeled-thumb18513932.jpg Dermis The dermis is highly vascular and consists of many structures such as sweat glands, hair follicles, nerves, macrophages, dendritic cells and blood vessels. It is made up of collagen and elastic tissue. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) The dermis is subdivided into the papillary dermis and the reticular dermis. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011)http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/rdroual/Lecture%20Notes/Unit%201/FG04_07.jpg Papillary dermis consists of the dermis between the folds of the epidermis to a short distance beneath the papillae. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Source: (Integumentary System)The reticular dermis includes the rest of the dermis and contains most of the structures listed above. As illustrated, this layer consists of dense fibrous tissue. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Hypodermishttp://www.maharshiclinic.com/images/hypodermis.gif Source: (StudyBlue, 2010)The hypodermis lies underneath the dermis and is subdivided into two layers: a fat layer and a deep fascia layer. The deep fascia layer is made up of dense connective tissue and this encases the entire body. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Function of the skin The skin has many important functions:- Protection The skin acts as a barrier to environmental effects, such as abrasions, and microbes. (Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur Arthur F. Dalley, 2011) Containment It prevents dehydration by providing containment of all the tissues and organs of the body. (Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur Arthur F. Dalley, 2011) Heat Regulation The skin regulates body temperature using sweat glands and blood vessels by a process known as homeostasis. (Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur Arthur F. Dalley, 2011) Sensation Sensory nerve endings found in the skin provide sensation, for example, pain. (Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur Arthur F. Dalley, 2011) Vitamin D When light energy is absorbed, cholecalciferol or Vitamin D is synthesised in the skin. This promotes bone growth when metabolised and activated. (Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur Arthur F. Dalley, 2011) (R. Bowen, 2011) Normal Wound Healing When the skin is injured, for example, due to a burn, the cells undergo necrosis and die. They release enzymes which kill neighbouring cells and therefore, the damage spreads. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Wound healing consists of three phases (Clinimed, 2012):- Inflammation (Clinimed, 2012) Fibroblasts produce new collagen type III tissue. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) (SP Zinn)Proliferation (Clinimed, 2012) Maturation (Clinimed, 2012) Inflammatory cells accumulate on the surface and water evaporates from the extracellular fluid causing a scab to arise. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Granulation tissue is the accumulation of blood vessels, such as capillaries, and fibroblasts. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Collagen type III is remodelled into collagen type I which is much stronger. (CliniMed, 2012) Source: (Wound Care Solutions Telemedicine) During inflammation, there is an increased flow of blood to the injury site which brings white blood cells to destroy bacteria and remove any dead remains of cells. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Occurs over a long period of time. (SP Zinn)http://www.woundcaresolutions-telemedicine.co.uk/images/WoundHealingProcess.jpg A clot forms due to red blood cells and platelets being released. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Tissue healing takes place in the proliferative stage. It can result in complete regeneration if the stroma of the tissue is left intact. This means that a scar is not formed and the tissue can be restored to complete normalcy. However, if the stroma is distorted or damaged, then a mixture of regeneration and scarring will occur as the regenerating cells are not supported or directed appropriately. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Regeneration is also determined by the location of the injury. Tissue cells, for example, have many stem cells which allow them to undergo more successful regeneration compared to muscle cell which have a lower number of stem cells. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Maturation involves the remodelling of collagen fibres. This occurs over a long period of time and is only initiated after the wound has been closed. (CliniMed, 2012) Source: (CliniMed, 2012)Phases of Wound Healing Burns Classification A burn is defined as an injury resulting from exposure to heat, chemicals or radiation. (WordNet Search 3.1) The classification of burns according to the layers affected is as follows (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011): Type of Burn Regions Affected Sensation Appearance Example Time to Heal Superficial(First Degree) Burns Epidermis Painful Erythema, Swelling Sunburn Superficial Partial Thickness (Second Degree) Burns Epidermis and Papillary Dermis Painful, Sensitive to touch Formation of blisters Scalding due to boiling water 2-3 weeks Deep Partial Thickness (Second Degree) Burns Epidermis, Papillary Dermis and Reticular Dermis Painless (due to nerve endings being damaged) White or pale (due to lack of blood vessels) Fire burn 3-6 weeks Full Thickness (Third Degree) Burns All the layers of the skin Painless(due to nerve endings being damaged) Dry and leathery Directly exposed to flame Skin grafting needed to heal Fourth Degree Burn Skin and underlying muscle and bone Painless Dry and leathery, black or purple Electrical and severe thermal burns Hospital admission is required Source: (Medical Student LC), (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) (Marieb Hoehn, 2012) Burns can also be classified by the total body surface area affected: The rule of nines can be used to estimate the total body surface area affected by a burn. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) The total body surface area affected together with the patients age is used to calculate the severity of the burn and the volume of body fluid lost. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) (Marieb Hoehn, 2012) Source: (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Treatments First Aid The first aid for treatment of burns is as follows: The person must be removed from the source of burn as soon as possible. (NHS Choices,2012)(Dr Hayley Willacy, Dr Tim Kenny, Prof Cathy Jackson, 2012) Clothes or jewellery must be removed from the burning area. (NHS Choices,2012)(Dr Hayley Willacy, Dr Tim Kenny, Prof Cathy Jackson, 2012) The burn must be cooled for approximately 10-30 minutes using cool or lukewarm water only. It should then be covered but not wrapped, with clingfilm because it is sterile and doesnt stick to the burn. (NHS Choices,2012)(Dr Hayley Willacy, Dr Tim Kenny, Prof Cathy Jackson, 2012) (Bupa, 2011) The person must be kept warm to prevent hypothermia. (NHS Choices,2012) The pain can be managed with paracetamol or ibuprofen. (NHS Choices,2012) (Dr Hayley Willacy, Dr Tim Kenny, Prof Cathy Jackson, 2012) (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) First aid must be given to the patient as soon as possible to minimise the damage caused by the burn. (NHS Choices, 2012) Treatment for different types of burns The treatment given depends on the type of burn it is: Superficial (First Degree) burns Superficial burns are treated by cooling the burn with clean water and managing the pain with the use of analgesics (painkillers) or topical solutions such as aloe vera. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) Superficial burns do not result in deep wounds and blisters therefore, there is only a slim chance of infection. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) Partial thickness (Second degree) burns Partial thickness burns are treated in the same way as superficial burns. The first step in treating partial thickness burns is cleaning the wound with water and reducing pain and swelling with the use of analgesics. The next step is to use sterile gauze to cover the burn without breaking the blister to minimise the chance of infection. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Bupa, 2011) The skin layers can still regenerate after a partial thickness burn due to the stem cells present in hair follicles. (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) However, severe partial thickness burns, for example, burns covering a significant proportion of the body, require medical attention and are treated using (InjuryInformation.com, 2009): First Aid to clean the burn and prevent the chance of infection. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) Intravenous fluids to prevent excess heat and fluid loss which could lead to a decrease in blood pressure and shock. (Bupa, 2011)(Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Prophylactic antibiotics if the patient is suspected of being infected, prophylactic antibiotics are given to treat the infection. (Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 2007) (Bupa, 2011) Analgesics Analgesics will be given, for example, ibuprofen, aspiring, paracetamol, to manage the pain. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Bupa, 2011) (NHS Choices, 2012) Skin grafts to reduce scarring. This is carried out for patients with severe partial thickness, full thickness and fourth degree burns to re-establish the surface of the skin because most of the basal cells have been destroyed. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) (Bupa, 2011) (Shabir Bhimji, VeriMed Healthcare Network David Zieve, 2011) There are four different types of skin grafts (Leah DiPlacido, 2010): Autografts The skin is taken from any part of the part of the patients body, for example, the buttocks. This is then spread over the wound and held in place using staples or stitches. (Shabir Bhimji, VeriMed Healthcare Network David Zieve, 2011) (Bupa, 2011) (Leah DiPlacido, 2010)The main advantage of autografts is that it is no issue of rejection because it is the patients own skin. Allografts The donor skin is from another person, usually a cadaver. However, the cells in the skin need to be alive when transplanted. The disadvantage of allografts is that the patients immune system will attack the allografts leading to rejection. Therefore, this is only a temporary form of cover. (Leah DiPlacido, 2010) Xenografts The skin used is from a different species, for example, a pig. It has the same disadvantage as allografts and eventually results in rejection, therefore, xenografts are also used as a temporary cover. (Leah DiPlacido, 2010) Synthetic Tissue Burns can also be covered using synthetic tissue which is synthesised in a laboratory. It is made of collagen and carbohydrate and is placed over the wound to allow the patients own cells to grow into this engineered skin. (Leah DiPlacido, 2010) Full thickness (Third Degree) and Fourth degree burns Immediate emergency attention is required for these burns as all the layers of the skin are destroyed. This also increases the likelihood of an infection and therefore, these burns are treated in a sterile environment. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) All full thickness and fourth degree burns require full-thickness skin grafts in which the transplanted skin includes the underlying muscle and blood supply. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Shabir Bhimji, VeriMed Healthcare Network David Zieve, 2011) An escharatomy is also performed in severe burns where the skin and tissue becomes inelastic and damages blood vessels thereby preventing circulation. Surgical incisions are made along the area of the burn to release the pressure of the skin and tissues so circulation can resume. (Jennifer Heisler, 2012) (Jama, 1968) There is a definite chance of scarring in full thickness and fourth degree burns because all the stem cells in the skin have been destroyed and regeneration cannot take place. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Thomas H. McConnell Kerry L. Hull, 2011) Prognosis The prognosis for burn patients is dependent on the severity of the burn and the total body surface area affected. (Considerations for burn patients) Social/Ethical/Legal issues Child abuse Responsibilities Child abuse is defined as the mistreatment of a child either physically, emotionally or sexually. (Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador) There are four categories of child abuse which are recognised: Physical abuse This form of abuse involves physical mistreatment of the child, for example, hitting, burning, poisoning, etc. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny, 2010) Emotional abuse This form of abuse involves the emotional mistreatment of a child which could result in childs emotional development being affected. Some examples of this include: bullying, frightening a child, etc. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny, 2010) Sexual abuse This form of abuse involves forcing a child to participate in sexual activity and also forcing him/her to look at sexual images etc. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny, 2010) Neglect Neglect is defined as the failure of the parent or guardian to meet the basic physical and psychological needs of the child, for example, emotional neglect, failure to protect the child from danger, etc. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny, 2010) Some of the symptoms of child abuse include: Withdrawal of child (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny,2010) Physical marks and bruises which indicate towards physical abuse or neglect (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny,2010) Overdose of toxic substances could indicate towards physical abuse (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny,2010) The child might be afraid of physical contact, etc. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny,2010) If a child is suspected of being abused, the doctor should discuss the case with their colleagues and if necessary, the child and family should be referred to social services. If possible, consent should try to be obtained and the carer involved. However, if the doctor feels that the child is at immediate risk, then the emergency services must be informed immediately. (Dr Colin Tidy, Dr Naomi Hartree Dr Tim Kenny, 2010) Conclusion Looking at the scenario, it can be seen that Mandy carried out the correct first aid procedure by wrapping Marty in a damp towel as this will cool the burn and prevent the risk of infection. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) In A E, Marty was given the treatment required for the above burns, for example, analgesics and intravenous fluids. However, for the second degree deep partial thickness burns on his upper chest, he might require skin grafts from another part of his body such as the buttocks to minimise scarring and re-establish the growth of epidermis. (InjuryInformation.com, 2009) (Bupa, 2011) In conclusion, I think that Marty will recover fully with some scarring on the upper chest; however, he might need psychological support and counselling to help deal with the scars. Source: (Natalie Verney, 2012)As this is the first case of neglect, Marty must be observed to see if any such incident happens again. The social services can also be involved to help Mandy take care of Marty. She can also be advised to join support groups, for example, Netmums to help cope physically and mentally. http://www.heart.co.uk/u/apps/asset_manager/uploaded/2012/23/netmums-logo-1339067868.jpg

Term Paper Intro to I.T.

Week 10 Term Paper Tommy Coney, Jr. CIS 106 – Introduction to Information Technology Week 10 Term Paper Professor Clifton G. Howell, Ph. D. The technology that I feel has created a paradigm shift and is now as well as further in the future is Cloud Computing. By definition Cloud computing is s a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e. g. , networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Mell & Grance, 2011) Cloud computing is one of the leading buzz terms in the world of IT today. Seemingly every possible solution has been enhanced with the mere addition of the word â€Å"cloud†. Cloud computing refers to  applications  and services offered over the Internet. These services are offered from data centers all over the world, which collectively are referred to as the â⠂¬Å"cloud. † This metaphor represents the intangible, yet universal nature of the Internet. The idea of the â€Å"cloud† simplifies the many network connections  and computer systems involved in online  services.In fact, many network diagrams use the image of a cloud to represent the Internet. This symbolizes the Internet's broad reach, while simplifying its complexity. Any user with an Internet connection can access  the cloud and the services it provides. Since these services are often connected, users can share information between multiple systems and with other users. Examples of this technology include online  backup  services,  social networking  services, and personal data services such as Apple's MobileMe.Cloud computing also includes online applications, such as those offered through Microsoft Online Services. Hardware services, such as redundant servers,  mirrored  websites, and Internet-based  clusters are also examples of cloud computing. (â€Å"Technology terms,† 2009) In its own way, â€Å"paradigm shift† has lost much of its meaning over the past twenty years through overuse. Each year, changes in technology are heralded as paradigm shifts, changes that will alter the IT landscape. There are two keys to this definition.The first is the recognition of value produced from an IT environment. Value is less clearly defined than a more concrete metric like cost or performance, but value multiplies throughout an environment and increases with the expansion of the scope and reach of systems. Reduced cost for the same eventual value is a plus, but mere lower cost does not create the dramatic value required in the definition of a paradigm shift. The second key is the recognition that the value must be accrued by the eventual users in an organization.Once again, allowing IT departments to fulfill their mandates better or for less expense is certainly positive, but without the demand for value driven by consume rs of IT services, you will not see the sort of changes required to classify an innovation as a paradigm shift. Cloud computing does, when properly implemented, deliver vastly more value to IT consumers, it does in fact, fit the definition of a paradigm shift. And cloud computing will, over the next 3-5 years, dramatically change the landscape of information technology.Because of this, an errant choice could not only waste money but, more importantly, lead you down a detour that will delay your adoption of cloud computing and leave you at a competitive disadvantage (Greenwald, 2011) A paradigm shift can produce a tidal wave of increased value from IT resources, but nothing comes for free. In order to get these great accumulations of new value, IT departments may have to modify the way they think about, design and implement systems.To understand this, you only need think back to the dawn of graphical user interfaces, where old applications were created with a â€Å"GUI† (Graph ical User Interface) interface, but ended up as just a bit of makeup on an earlier generation of technology. The new look did not produce new value, and were fairly rapidly rejected by consumers. In the same way, the great benefits of the cloud do not naturally accrue by simply shifting your IT stack to an outsourced provider.You may, for the sake of expediency or organizational necessity, choose to follow this route to get some advantages without extensive modifications to your existing solutions. (Greenwald, 2011) There are however advantages and disadvantages to cloud computing. Some of the advantages are; Convenience, Security, Backups, Collaboration and being environmentally friendly. Convenience meaning you can access your data anywhere you can connect to the Internet. Security being that most companies use industrial level security software and practices which make it harder for hackers to get at your data.That’s harder, but not impossible. Backups being, you have a ba ckup of your data in case your local computer crashes. Collaboration being that with your permission, others can access, view, and modify your documents. Environmentally friendly means it takes fewer resources to cloud compute, thus saving energy. Some businesses take it a step further and incorporate cloud computing into their telecommuting strategies. (Morris, 2011) The disadvantages to cloud computing are; security breaches, outages, storage limits, slow speeds, and limited features.Security breaches meaning that remote  server security  makes it harder, but not impossible, for hackers to reach your data. If there is a compromise of the server or servers where your data is stored, your personal information may be exposed to the world. There’s also a good chance that more than just your information may be affected, we're talking possibly millions of other users. Outages meaning, have you ever been unable to access your email due to your provider being down? Now, imagine if you needed a document for an important business meeting or presentation and your  storage provider’s site was down.Believe me it happens, and it happens at the most inconvenient times. Storage limits meaning that while your local hard drive may be able to hold 500GB or more of data, unfortunately a remote server may only allow you to freely store about 5GB. If you want more room, you’ll have to pay. Still, even with a paid account, it can’t begin to touch the amount of room you have locally. There also may be a limit on the size of the data that can be stored. Slow speeds of course being uploading and downloading of large documents may take a long time.Limited features being that if you use remote software that’s provided by the storage service to manipulate and modify your data, it usually lacks the features of a program running locally. (Morris, 2011) To understand exactly how cloud computing works, let’s consider that the cloud consists of layers -mainly the back end layers and the front end layers. The front layers are the parts you see and interact with. When you access your profile on your Facebook account for example, you are using software running on the front end of the cloud.The back end consists of the hardware and the software architecture that delivers the data you see on the front end. Clouds use a network layer to connect users’ end point devices, like computers or smart phones, to resources that are centralized in a data center. Users can access the data centre via a company network or the internet or both. Clouds can also be accessed from any location, allowing mobile workers to access their business systems on demand. Applications running on the cloud take advantage of the flexibility of the computing power available.The computers are set up to work together so that it appears as if the applications were running on one particular machine. This flexibility is a major advantage of cloud computing, allowing the user to use as much or as little of the cloud resources as they want at short notice, without any assigning any specific hardware for the job in advance. I think the easiest way to explain this was through Wikipedia â€Å"End users access cloud-based  applications  through a  web browser  or a light-weight desktop or  mobile application  while the business software  and user's data are stored on servers at a remote location.Proponents claim that cloud computing allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster, with improved manageability and less maintenance, and enables IT to more rapidly adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable business demand. † (Wikipedia, 2012) Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices as a utility like the electricity grid over a network typically the Internet. C loud computing is as described above and should be seen as such.It can be a benefit if used properly but make no mistake about it, it needs to be configured correctly to maximize each and every benefit. I gave 5 pros and cons to using the cloud computing but there are more and all should be explored before committing to the use of cloud computing. References Mell, P. , & Grance, T. (2011). Retrieved from US Department of Commerce website: http://csrc. nist. gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145. pdf (Mell & Grance, 2011) Greenwald, R. (2011, November). Creating value with the oracle database cloud service. Retrieved from ttp://www. oracle. com/technetwork/database/database-cloud/public/extreme-productivity-wp-1844125. pdf (Greenwald, 2011) Technology terms. (2009, April 23). Retrieved from http://www. techterms. com/definition/cloud_computing (â€Å"Technology terms,† 2009) Morris, K. (2011, Spetember 26). Five advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing. Retrieved from http://www. examiner. com/article/five-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-cloud-computing (Morris, 2011) Wikipedia. (2012, August 13). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cloud_computing (Wikipedia, 2012)